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Until recently, the term “political settlement” has been used almost interchangeably with “peace agreement”. But it has broader implications: political settlements span the continuum from negotiated peace agreements to long-term historical development -- in the latter sense approaching the concept of a social contract. Generally speaking, every political regime that is not in the midst of an all-out civil war over its basic parameters is based on some kind of settlement. The adoption of a political settlement lens could therefore bridge conceptual differences between the approaches and endeavours of peacebuilding and statebuilding. Commissioned by the International Network on Conflict and Fragility (INCAF) of the OECD Development Assistance Committee, this publication provides an overview of key definitions, components and concepts of political settlements, based on existing literature. It also examines the potential impact of donor activities on political settlements and highlights possible implications for donor engagement and support.
Development --- Peace-building. --- Peace-building --- Building peace --- Peacebuilding --- Conflict management --- Peace --- Peacekeeping forces
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Recognising a need for better, tailored approaches to learning and accountability in conflict settings, the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) launched an initiative to develop guidance on evaluating conflict prevention and peacebuilding activities. The objective of this process has been to help improve evaluation practice and thereby support the broader community of experts and implementing organisations to enhance the quality of conflict prevention and peacebuilding interventions. It also seeks to guide policy makers, field and desk officers, and country partners towards a better understanding of the role and utility of evaluations. The guidance presented in this book provides background on key policy issues affecting donor engagement in settings of conflict and fragility and introduces some of the challenges to evaluation particular to these settings. It then provides step-by-step guidance on the core steps in planning, carrying out and learning from evaluation, as well as some basic principles on programme design and management.
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This is a book about conflict. In that, it is certainly not alone, but it approaches the problem in four Sahelian countries from the standpoint of economic analysis. The authors have not ignored social, ethnic and historical factors which led to conflict, but have identified economic realities which exacerbate the frictions created by the other factors. These realities include disparities in rural-urban income levels and in health, education and employment, and a system of clientilism which benefits a small group of civil servants to the detriment of the rest of the population. Having identified aggravating economic factors in conflict, the authors proceed to an appreciation of its economic cost, then propose economic policy changes which would tend towards reducing the potential for conflict. One of a series of three volumes, this book concentrates on Chad, Burkina-Faso, Mali and Niger.
Economic conditions. Economic development --- Polemology --- Sahel --- Conflict management --- Peace-building
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Travelling Models offers a theoretical concept for comparative research on conflict management in Africa in processes of globalization: how is change in one place related to developments in other places? Why are certain issues that are important in one place taken up in other places, while others are not? The authors examine how the travel of models enact changes, particularly in African conflict situations, most often in unexpected ways. They look at what happens when a model has been put into practice at a conflict site, and they pay attention to the forms of social (re-)ordering resulting from this process. The authors look, among others, at conflict managing models of power- and revenue sharing, mediation, freedom of expression, disaster management, community involvement and workshopping. Contributors are: Andrea Behrends, Lydie Cabane, Veronika Fuest, Dejene Gemechu, Mutasim Bashir Ali Hadi, Remadji Hoinathy, Mario Krämer, Sung-Joon Park, Tinashe Pfigu, Richard Rottenburg, Sylvanus Spencer and Kees van der Waal. The Introduction of this volume is being offered in Open Access
Conflict management --- Peace-building --- Globalization --- E-books --- Polemology --- Africa --- Conflict management - Africa --- Peace-building - Africa --- Globalization - Africa
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Reconhecendo a necessidade de melhores abordagens, adaptadas à aprendizagem e à prestação de contas em situações de conflito, o Comité de Ajuda ao Desenvolvimento (CAD) lançou uma iniciativa para desenvolver orientações para avaliar as atividades de prevenção de conflitos e de construção da paz. O objetivo deste processo tem sido o de ajudar a melhorar as práticas de avaliação e, assim, de apoiar a comunidade mais alargada de peritos e de organizações de implementação a melhorar a qualidade das intervenções de prevenção de conflitos e de construção da paz. Procura igualmente orientar os decisores políticos, técnicos na sede e no terreno, e os parceiros do país no sentido de alcançar uma melhor compreensão do papel e da utilidade das avaliações. As linhas de orientação apresentadas neste livro fornecem o enquadramento sobre questões políticas fundamentais que afetam o envolvimento dos doadores em contextos de conflito e de fragilidade e apresenta alguns dos desafios para a avaliação específicos nestes contextos. Em seguida, proporciona orientações detalhadas sobre os passos fundamentais no planeamento, implementação e aprendizagem a partir da avaliação, bem como alguns princípios básicos sobre a conceção e gestão de programas.
Peace-building. --- Peace. --- Conflict management. --- Conflict control --- Conflict resolution --- Dispute settlement --- Management of conflict --- Managing conflict --- Management --- Negotiation --- Problem solving --- Social conflict --- Crisis management --- Coexistence, Peaceful --- Peaceful coexistence --- International relations --- Disarmament --- Peace-building --- Security, International --- War --- Building peace --- Peacebuilding --- Conflict management --- Peace --- Peacekeeping forces
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Conservative estimates indicate that at least 740 000 men, women, youth and children die each year as a result of armed violence, most of them in low- and medium-income settings. The majority of these deaths occur in situations other than war, though armed conflicts continue to generate a high incidence of casualties. Approaches to preventing and reducing these deaths and related suffering are becoming increasingly important on the international agenda. In spite of the global preoccupation with the costs and consequences of armed violence, comparatively little evidence exists about how to stem its risks and effects. Virtually no information is available on Armed Violence Reduction and Prevention interventions, much less their effectiveness. This publication aims to fill this gap. It seeks to generate more understanding of what works and what does not, to stimulate further evaluation and to contribute to more effective and efficient policies and programmes. A large-scale mapping of Armed Violence Reduction and Prevention activities around the world form the basis of analysis, focusing primarily on programming trends in six countries – Brazil, Burundi, Colombia, Liberia, South Africa and Timor-Leste. These countries represent the very different programming contexts – from high rates of urban criminal violence to protracted post-conflict insecurity – in which development practitioners are currently engaged. While offering new data and analysis, this assessment builds directly on the 2009 publication Armed Violence Reduction: Enabling Development.
Surety of the peace. --- Violence -- Case studies. --- Violence -- Prevention. --- Violence. --- Violence --- Surety of the peace --- Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- Social Change --- Prevention --- Prevention. --- Good behavior, Security for --- Peace, Surety of the --- Security for good behavior --- Security to keep the peace --- Surety for good behavior --- Violent behavior --- Crime prevention --- Criminal procedure --- Probation --- Punishment --- Social psychology
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1.5 billion people live in countries affected by repeated cycles of violence and insecurity. These countries face tremendous challenges as they transition from conflict to peace. International support can play a crucial role in these contexts, but has so far struggled to deliver transformative results. This volume presents clear policy recommendations for better practice in order to improve the speed, flexibility, predictability and risk management of international support during post-conflict transition.
Peace. --- Peace-building. --- Postwar reconstruction. --- International relations. --- Post-conflict reconstruction --- Reconstruction, Postwar --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics
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Dans le but d’aider les experts en développement à faire face au problème de la violence armée, trois notes de programmation ont été élaborées et sont venues mettre à profit la publication de 2009 intitulée Réduire la violence armée, permettre le développement. Ces trois notes couvrent les sujets suivants : La violence armée en zones urbaines La jeunesse et la violence armée Les liens existants entre la réduction de la violence armée et la Réforme des systèmes de sécurité
Development --- Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- Social Change --- Violence --- Surety of the peace. --- Prevention. --- Good behavior, Security for --- Peace, Surety of the --- Security for good behavior --- Security to keep the peace --- Surety for good behavior --- Crime prevention --- Criminal procedure --- Probation --- Punishment
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Un système de sécurité géré selon les principes démocratiques, responsable et efficient contribue à réduire le risque de conflit violent et à instaurer un climat de sécurité propice à la réduction de la pauvreté, à l’exercice des droits de l’homme et à l’avènement d’un développement durable. La prise de conscience des liens inextricables existant entre développement et sécurité fait que la sécurité est de plus en plus regardée comme une question de politique publique et une affaire de bonne gouvernance. Le présent ouvrage atteste de la poursuite des efforts déployés par le Comité d’aide au développement (CAD) pour mettre au point des outils et des instruments de prévention des conflits et d’amélioration de la sécurité et de la stabilité à long terme. Les orientations qui y sont fournies mettent en avant le rôle constructif que peut jouer la réforme intégrée du système de sécurité pour stabiliser des Etats fragiles et des pays sujets aux conflits ou théâtres d’un conflit. Par système de sécurité, on entend en l’occurrence non seulement l’armée, la police et la gendarmerie, les services de renseignement et les systèmes judiciaire et pénitentiaire, mais également les structures civiles chargées d’en assurer la supervision et le contrôle démocratique. La première partie de l’ouvrage regroupe une déclaration et un document qui ont été entérinés en 2004 par les ministres de la coopération pour le développement et les responsables des organismes d’aide des membres du CAD et par le Conseil de l’OCDE. Y sont définis les principaux concepts se rapportant à la réforme des systèmes de sécurité et proposés des moyens d’encourager une telle réforme dans les pays en développement, en tenant compte de la dynamique régionale. L’accent est mis sur le fait que la réforme des systèmes de sécurité, et le contexte dans lequel elle s’inscrit, doivent mobiliser tous les services oeuvrant dans les sphères des affaires étrangères, du développement et de la défense afin d’assurer une approche « à l’échelle de l’ensemble de l’administration » de l’aide au développement. La mise en place de programmes complets, coordonnés et intégrés doit être encouragée par les responsables à tous les niveaux. Il est essentiel que le pays partenaire adhère à la ligne d’action retenue et la fasse sienne pour qu’elle soit réellement suivie d’effets sur le terrain. Dans la deuxième partie, un consultant de haut rang se penche sur la genèse des objectifs de réforme des systèmes de sécurité et sur les défis que soulève pour les donneurs leur promotion dans les pays partenaires. En annexe sont ensuite présentées les conclusions d’experts qui ont été chargés d’étudier la situation prévalant dans quatre régions, à savoir l’Afrique, la région Asie-Pacifique, l’Europe du Sud-Est, et les Etats baltes et la CEI. Est en particulier exposé le point de vue de ces personnes sur les changements en cours dans la conception que les pays en développement de ces différentes régions ont de la sécurité, parallèlement à un compte rendu et une analyse des diverses activités de réforme actuellement mises en œuvre. Sont également examinées les adaptations et les améliorations qui pourraient devoir être apportées à la notion de réforme des systèmes de sécurité et aux objectifs à poursuivre en la matière pour les ajuster au contexte dans lequel on cherche à les promouvoir.
National security. --- Civilian-based defense. --- Peace-building. --- Building peace --- Peacebuilding --- Alternative defense --- CBD (Civilian-based defense) --- Civilian-based deterrence --- Defense, Civilian-based --- Defense, Social --- Nonviolent defense --- Popular non-violent defense --- Social defense --- National security --- National security policy --- NSP (National security policy) --- Security policy, National --- Government policy --- Conflict management --- Peace --- Peacekeeping forces --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Military policy
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The international community today is hardly in a position to avoid another genocide, as witnessed in Rwanda in 1994, despite the significant evolution of early warning systems in recent years. Based on a review of the literature on early warning and response, as well as inputs from surveyed agencies, Preventing Violence, War and State Collapse assesses the value and role of early warning for the prevention of violent conflict and identifies the most effective early warning and response systems. It concludes with a set of recommendations for policy makers in donor and partner countries in influencing future developments in this field.
Conflict management. --- Mediation, International. --- Peace-building. --- Peace-building --- Conflict management --- Mediation, International --- Law, Politics & Government --- International Relations --- International cooperation --- International relations --- Intervention (International law) --- Security, International. --- Risk assessment. --- Collective security --- International security --- Military intervention --- Conflict control --- Conflict resolution --- Dispute settlement --- Management of conflict --- Managing conflict --- Disarmament --- International organization --- Peace --- Diplomacy --- International law --- Neutrality --- Risk assessment --- Management --- Negotiation --- Problem solving --- Social conflict --- Crisis management --- Developing countries --- Politics and government.
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